Why do geese fly in a "v" formation?

there number of reasons ...

predators have eyes on or near fronts of heads provide stereoscopic vision allows them judge distance accurately. geese have evolved have eyes on side of heads out predators (particularly in water or when they're on land). means geese have blind spot directly in front of them, why , similar birds have twist heads sideways when looking @ near them on ground.

when geese in air doesn't stop natural instinct out predators, why travel in flock - more eyes mean more chance of spotting predator , traveling in group increases chances of survival if predator attacks.

if geese flew side side in line, 2 geese on edge out predators because other geese looking @ neighbors in line. v-shape allows each goose have @ least 1 eye looking outwards.

now, geese have keep in flock means have see other members are. can't line behind each other because of blind spot, if move , side, can see goose in front of them. traveling in v-shape allows each goose have 1 eye looking predators , other looking @ next member of flock located!

other issue turbulence. geese travel long distances want conserve energy possible. each bird flapping wings generates patch of turbulent air behind it, if geese flew directly behind 1 another, they'd have use more energy overcome lift , stability problems they'd suffer turbulent air.

let's put together. 1 goose flying. goose wants join them, can't fly behind because of blind spot , turbulent air. move , right can see first goose, keep watch out predators, , avoid turbulence. goose joins group. have same problem ... , on, , on, , you'll v-shaped formation.

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