By which parameter we calculate the journey distance of ship?

vessels calculate time & distance port port based on vessels average distance per 24 hour day. it's simple.
nautical miles used on open sea.
statute miles used on intra coastal waterways & inland rivers.

obviously, the vessel’s speed, estimated time en-route (ete) , estimated time of arrival (eta) calculated using shortest , alternative routes based on time of year , weather conditions. also, major canals (panama, suez, etc.) maintain posted traffic patterns -wait times, , current average passage times through canal. (sometimes, wait times can days.)

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